APES vs.

APES vs GMO

This episode was hosted and written by Afzaa Rahman and reviewed by Jessie Howington. Our posed speakers are Sara Cheifitz, Arya Joshi, Sneha Singh, Emmaline Rhodes, Rubi Runton, Hannah Grunden, Alex Harry, and Mariam Hasan. References: Beijing 2008 Highlights. (2020, April 18). Retrieved May 27, 2020, from International Olympic Committee website: https://www.olympic.org/videos/beijing-2008-highlights Catalano, R., Bruckner, T., & Smith, K. R. (2008). Ambient temperature predicts sex ratios and male longevity. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 105(6), 2244–2247. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0710711104 Chin, J. (2015, April 28). Benefits of Breathing: Beijing’s Olympic Babies Born Heavier, Study Finds. Retrieved May 27, 2020, from WSJ website: https://blogs.wsj.com/chinarealtime/2015/04/29/benefits-of-breathing-beijings-olympic-babies-born-heavier-study-finds/ Fukuda, M., Fukuda, K., Shimizu, T., Nobunaga, M., Mamsen, L. S., & Yding Andersen, C. (2014). Climate change is associated with male:female ratios of fetal deaths and newborn infants in Japan. Fertility and Sterility, 102(5), 1364-1370.e2. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fertnstert.2014.07.1213 Mishamandani, S. (2015, October). Improved Air Quality During Beijing Olympics Linked to Higher Birth Weights. Retrieved May 27, 2020, from Global Environmental Health Newsletter website: https://www.niehs.nih.gov/research/programs/geh/geh_newsletter/2015/10/spotlight/improved_air_quality_during_beijing_olympics_linked_to_higher_birth_weights.cfm Rich, D. Q., Liu, K., Zhang, J., Thurston, S. W., Stevens, T. P., Pan, Y., … Zhang, J. (2015). Differences in Birth Weight Associated with the 2008 Beijing Olympics Air Pollution Reduction: Results from a Natural Experiment. Environmental Health Perspectives, 123(9), 880–887. https://doi.org/10.1289/ehp.1408795 Sram, R. J. (1999). Impact of Air Pollution on Reproductive Health. Environmental Health Perspectives, 107(11), A542. https://doi.org/10.2307/3454450 World Health Organization. (2018). How air pollution is destroying our health. Retrieved from Who.int website: https://www.who.int/airpollution/news-and-events/how-air-pollution-is-destroying-our-health Wu, G., Brown, J., Zamora, M. L., Miller, A., Satterfield, M. C., Meininger, C. J., … Zhang, R. (2019). Adverse organogenesis and predisposed long-term metabolic syndrome from prenatal exposure to fine particulate matter. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 116(24), 11590–11595. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1902925116

APES vs. Environmental Effects on Newborns

Voice acting by Emily and Trevor Tupper. Writing, directing, and producing by Emily Tupper. Yant, W. P. (1930). The response of Japanese waltzing mice and canaries to carbon monoxide and to atmospheres deficient in oxygen (Vol. 3040). United States Bureau of Mines. Burrell, G. A., Seibert, F. M., & Robertson, I. W. (1914). Relative effects of carbon monoxide on small animals (Vol. 62). US Government Printing Office. Van der Schalie, W. H., Gardner Jr, H. S., Bantle, J. A., De Rosa, C. T., Finch, R. A., Reif, J. S., ... & Stokes, W. S. (1999). Animals as sentinels of human health hazards of environmental chemicals. Environmental health perspectives, 107(4), 309-315. Van der Steen, J. J., de Kraker, J., & Grotenhuis, T. (2015). Assessment of the potential of honeybees (Apis mellifera L.) in biomonitoring of air pollution by cadmium, lead and vanadium. Journal of Environmental Protection, 6(02), 96. Milan, M., Coppe, A., Reinhardt, R., Cancela, L. M., Leite, R. B., Saavedra, C., ... & Bargelloni, L. (2011). Transcriptome sequencing and microarray development for the Manila clam, Ruditapes philippinarum: genomic tools for environmental monitoring. BMC genomics, 12(1), 234. Bossart, G. D. (2011). Marine mammals as sentinel species for oceans and human health. Veterinary pathology, 48(3), 676-690. Notes, planning, script, and quotes used can be found here: https://docs.google.com/document/d/1co-IGshiTgcFVHZydftgjqVzfZYmzc6S5eNJxLZyMTg/edit?usp=sharing 

APES vs Sentinel Species

Remember that time when a bird crashed into your window when you were like seven? Well if you were like me, you didn't give it nearly as much attention as it needed. This is in fact a huge issue! But, why does it happen? Why is it so important? To find out, we talk to Vanessa Merritt, bird researcher at NC State. We also dig into some extensive studies to uncover the truth behind this complex topic. Here's a link to the transcript: https://docs.google.com/document/d/1aUGGtoz5UKgNzUb_riyR-WNqI809K19dPmtGbo4DSMU/edit?usp=sharing This episode was created by McCarty Hudson and produced by Jessie Howington. A special thanks to Vanessa Merritt for teaching us so much about bird collisions! Disclaimer: I am a high school student and while this information is quite thorough, I am playing the role of a researcher.

APES vs. Birds Crashing into Windows

APES vs. Birth Control

By Kristopher Papp and Anna Wing DISCLAIMER - All individuals in the podcast are not in any way experts on the discussed subject matter, and should not be cited in any manner. The individuals are high school students, and the students encourage anyone seeking further knowledge on the issue of "Are birds dinosaurs?" to further research this question. Sources -   Harris, M. P., Hasso, S. M., Ferguson, M. W., & Fallon, J. F. (2006). The development of archosaurian first-generation teeth in a chicken mutant. Current Biology, 16(4), 371-377.   Brusatte, S. L., Benton, M. J., Desojo, J. B., & Langer, M. C. (2010). The higher-level phylogeny of Archosauria (Tetrapoda: Diapsida). Journal of Systematic Palaeontology, 8(1), 3-47.   Prum, R. O. (1999). Development and evolutionary origin of feathers. Journal of Experimental Zoology, 285(4), 291-306.   Sawyer, R. H., Salvatore, B. A., Potylicki, T. T. F., French, J. O., Glenn, T. C., & Knapp, L. W. (2003). Origin of feathers: Feather beta (β) keratins are expressed in discrete epidermal cell populations of embryonic scutate scales. Journal of Experimental Zoology Part B: Molecular and Developmental Evolution  Martin, L. D., Stewart, J. D., & Whetstone, K. N. (1980). The origin of birds: structure of the tarsus and teeth. The Auk, 97(1), 86-93.   Starck, J. M., & Chinsamy, A. (2002). Bone microstructure and developmental plasticity in birds and other dinosaurs. Journal of Morphology,254(3), 232-246. doi:10.1002/jmor.10029   Rensberger, J. M., & Watabe, M. (2000). Fine structure of bone in dinosaurs, birds and mammals. Nature, 406(6796), 619. 

APES vs. Dinobirds

By Nitin and Neel DISCLAIMER - All speakers are high school students Eckart, J. (2017). “Batteries Can Be Part of the Fight against Climate Change - If We Do These Five Things.” World Economic Forum. Retrieved from www.weforum.org/agenda/2017/11/battery-batteries-electric-cars-carbon-sustainable-power-energy/. International Energy Agency (2018). “Global EV Outlook 2018 : Key Findings.” GEVO 2018. Retrieved from www.iea.org/gevo2018/. Ji, S., & Chen, B. (2016). LCA-based carbon footprint of a typical wind farm in china. Energy Procedia, 88, 250-256. Retrieved from https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1876610217303156. Rîcă, R. (2011, December 8). Bach Cello Suite No.1 - Prelude (Yo-Yo Ma). Retrieved from https://youtu.be/PCicM6i59_I.   Wu, P., Ma, X., Ji, J., & Ma, Y. (2017). Review on life cycle assessment of energy payback of solar photovoltaic systems and a case study. Energy Procedia, 105, 68-74. Retrieved from https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1876610216302314. Zivin, J. S. G., Kotchen, M. J., & Mansur, E. T. (2014). Spatial and temporal heterogeneity of marginal emissions: Implications for electric cars and other electricity-shifting policies. Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, 107, 248-268. Retrieved from https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0167268114000808. 

APES vs. Renewable Energy - Transportation & Sources

By: Hope L. and Aidan C.  <> [Royalty Free Music] Flow — LiQWYD [Advertisement]. (2019, May 28). Retrieved from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OLc7mSSnTok Badger, E. (2014, April 15). Pollution is segregated, too. Retrieved from https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/wonk/wp/2014/04/15/pollution-is-substantially-worse-in-minority-neighborhoods-across-the-u-s/?utm_term=.c31e1907ef1b Effect of socioeconomic status on the relationship between atmospheric pollution and mortality. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://jech.bmj.com/content/61/8/665.short#block-system-main3 Effect of socioeconomic status on the relationship between atmospheric pollution and mortality. (2007, August). Retrieved from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2652988/ Impact of socioeconomic status on municipal solid waste generation rate. (2016, January 28). Retrieved from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26831564 Katz, C. (2012, November 1). People in Poor Neighborhoods Breathe More Hazardous Particles. Retrieved from https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/people-poor-neighborhoods-breate-more-hazardous-particles/?redirect=1 Links between noise and air pollution and socioeconomic status. (2016, September). Retrieved from http://ec.europa.eu/environment/integration/research/newsalert/pdf/air_noise_pollution_socioeconomic_status_links_IR13_en.pdf MacDonald, J. (2018, January 10). Why Air Pollution Is a Socioeconomic Issue. Retrieved from https://daily.jstor.org/why-air-pollution-is-a-socioeconomic-issue/ Socioeconomic disparities and air pollution exposure: A global review. (2016, December 1). Retrieved from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4626327/ Traffic, Air Pollution, Minority and Socioeconomic Status: Addressing Inequities in Exposure and Risk. (2015, May 12). Retrieved from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4454972/

By: Hope L. and Aidan C.  [Royalty Free Music] Flow — LiQWYD [Advertisement]. (2019, May 28). Retrieved from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OLc7mSSnTok Badger, E. (2014, April 15). Pollution is segregated, too. Retrieved from https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/wonk/wp/2014/04/15/pollution-is-substantially-worse-in-minority-neighborhoods-across-the-u-s/?utm_term=.c31e1907ef1b Effect of socioeconomic status on the relationship between atmospheric pollution and mortality. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://jech.bmj.com/content/61/8/665.short#block-system-main3 Effect of socioeconomic status on the relationship between atmospheric pollution and mortality. (2007, August). Retrieved from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2652988/ Impact of socioeconomic status on municipal solid waste generation rate. (2016, January 28). Retrieved from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26831564 Katz, C. (2012, November 1). People in Poor Neighborhoods Breathe More Hazardous Particles. Retrieved from https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/people-poor-neighborhoods-breate-more-hazardous-particles/?redirect=1 Links between noise and air pollution and socioeconomic status. (2016, September). Retrieved from http://ec.europa.eu/environment/integration/research/newsalert/pdf/air_noise_pollution_socioeconomic_status_links_IR13_en.pdf MacDonald, J. (2018, January 10). Why Air Pollution Is a Socioeconomic Issue. Retrieved from https://daily.jstor.org/why-air-pollution-is-a-socioeconomic-issue/ Socioeconomic disparities and air pollution exposure: A global review. (2016, December 1). Retrieved from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4626327/ Traffic, Air Pollution, Minority and Socioeconomic Status: Addressing Inequities in Exposure and Risk. (2015, May 12). Retrieved from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4454972/

APES VS. Socioeconomic Pollution

Disclaimer: We are high school students, Joseph A. and Branden M., that attend Research Triangle High School. Also, our researchers and doctors are played by high school students. Burke, H. B., Goodman, P. H., Rosen, D. B., Henson, D. E., Weinstein, J. N., Harrell, F. E., . . . Bostwick, D. G. (2000, September 27). Artificial neural networks improve the accuracy of cancer survival prediction. Retrieved from https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1002/(SICI)1097-0142(19970215)79:43.0.CO;2-Y Decision theory in expert systems and artificial intelligence. (2003, May 20). Retrieved from https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/0888613X8890120X Ramesh, A. N., Kambhampati, C., Monson, J. R., & Drew, P. J. (2004). Artificial intelligence in medicine. Annals of The Royal College of Surgeons of England, 86(5), 334.  Sharma, N., & Aggarwal, L. M. (2010). Automated medical image segmentation techniques. Retrieved from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2825001/ Topol, E. J. (2019). High-performance medicine: the convergence of human and artificial intelligence. Nature medicine, 25(1), 44. 

APES vs. AI in Medicine

Created by John H. and Chase C. Disclaimer: This podcast was produced by high school students playing the parts of experts in certain fields. While their research is certainly based on factual information, the students are not experts.  <<Works Cited>> Hensley, R., Knupfer, S., & Pinner, D. (2009). Electrifying cars: How three industries will evolve. McKinsey Quarterly, 3(2009), 87-96. Kettles, C. (2018). Policies that Impact the Acceleration of Electric Vehicle Adoption (No. FSEC-CR-2087-18). University of Central Florida. Electric Vehicle Transportation Center (EVTC). Holland, S. P., Mansur, E. T., Muller, N. Z., & Yates, A. J. (2016). Are there environmental benefits from driving electric vehicles? The importance of local factors. American Economic Review, 106(12), 3700-3729. Granovskii, M., Dincer, I., & Rosen, M. A. (2006). Economic and environmental comparison of conventional, hybrid, electric and hydrogen fuel cell vehicles. Journal of Power Sources, 159(2), 1186-1193. Notter, D. A., Gauch, M., Widmer, R., Wager, P., Stamp, A., Zah, R., & Althaus, H. J. (2010). Contribution of Li-ion batteries to the environmental impact of electric vehicles.

Created by John H. and Chase C. Disclaimer: This podcast was produced by high school students playing the parts of experts in certain fields. While their research is certainly based on factual information, the students are not experts.  Hensley, R., Knupfer, S., & Pinner, D. (2009). Electrifying cars: How three industries will evolve. McKinsey Quarterly, 3(2009), 87-96. Kettles, C. (2018). Policies that Impact the Acceleration of Electric Vehicle Adoption (No. FSEC-CR-2087-18). University of Central Florida. Electric Vehicle Transportation Center (EVTC). Holland, S. P., Mansur, E. T., Muller, N. Z., & Yates, A. J. (2016). Are there environmental benefits from driving electric vehicles? The importance of local factors. American Economic Review, 106(12), 3700-3729. Granovskii, M., Dincer, I., & Rosen, M. A. (2006). Economic and environmental comparison of conventional, hybrid, electric and hydrogen fuel cell vehicles. Journal of Power Sources, 159(2), 1186-1193. Notter, D. A., Gauch, M., Widmer, R., Wager, P., Stamp, A., Zah, R., & Althaus, H. J. (2010). Contribution of Li-ion batteries to the environmental impact of electric vehicles.

APES vs Electric Vehicles

Created by Maya and Tammy  <<Works Cited>> Budney, A. J., Novy, P. L., & Hughes, J. R. (2002, May 03). Marijuana withdrawal among adults seeking treatment for marijuana dependence. Retrieved from https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1046/j.1360-0443.1999.94913114.x Castle, D., Murray, R. M., & D’Souza, D. C. (Eds.). (2012). Marijuana and Madness. Cambridge, NY: Cambridge University Press. Retrieved from https://books.google.com/books?hl=en&lr=&id=0QqyOSJEeykC&oi=fnd&pg=PA1&dq=how+marijuana+works&ots=5a9HBq4OUe&sig=skpoGE-UNKtnhZazuq-VQZa5kfI#v=onepage&q=how%20marijuana%20works&f=false Chen, K., Kandel, D. B., & Davies, M. (1999, May 06). Relationships between frequency and quantity of marijuana use and last year proxy dependence among adolescents and adults in the United States. Retrieved from https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0376871697000471 Desimone, J. (1998). Is Marijuana a Gateway Drug? Eastern Economic Journal, 24, 149-164. Retrieved from https://www.jstor.org/stable/40325834?seq=1#page_scan_tab_contents Drug Enforcement Administration, U. (2018, October). 2018 National Drug Threat Assessment. Retrieved from https://www.dea.gov/sites/default/files/2018-11/DIR-032-18 2018 NDTA final low resolution.pdf ElSohly, M. A., Mehmedic, Z., Foster, S., Gon, C., Chandra, S., & Church, J. C. (2016, April 01). Changes in Cannabis Potency Over the Last 2 Decades (1995-2014): Analysis of Current Data in the United States. Retrieved from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4987131/ Fitzgerald, K. T., Bronstein, A.C. Newquist, K. L. (2013, February). Marijuana poisoning [Abstract]. Top Companion Anim Med, 28,8-12. Retrieved from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23796481 Gable, R. S. (2004, February 12). Comparison of acute lethal toxicity of commonly abused psychoactive substances. Addiction, 99, 686-696. Retrieved from http://www.ourrights.0catch.com/risk/Toxicity.Comparison_Addiction.99-p686_2004.html Hampson, A. J., Grimaldi, M., Axelrod, J., & Wink, D. (1998, July 07). Cannabidiol and (−)Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol are neuroprotective antioxidants. Retrieved from https://www.pnas.org/content/95/14/8268.short Joy, J. E., Watson, S. J., Jr., & Benson, J. A., Jr. (n.d.). Marijuana and Medicine: Assessing the Science Base. Retrieved from https://catnews.org/FREE Pot Books/Marijuana and Medicine 2.pdf Kleiman. (1992). Retrieved from https://www.jstor.org/stable/40325834?seq=1#page_scan_tab_contents Lessem, J. M., Hopfer, C. J., Haberstick, B. C., Timberlake, D., Ehringer, M. A., Smolen, A. Hewitt, J. K. (2006, March 25). Relationship Between Adolescent Marijuana Use and Young Adult Illicit Drug Use. Behavior Genetics, 36, 498-506. Retrieved from https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10519-006-9064-9 Purnell, & JM, G. (1975, July). Delta(9)-tetrahydrocannabinol,, euphoria and intraocular pressure in man. Retrieved from https://europepmc.org/abstract/med/1147519

Created by Maya and Tammy  Budney, A. J., Novy, P. L., & Hughes, J. R. (2002, May 03). Marijuana withdrawal among adults seeking treatment for marijuana dependence. Retrieved from https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1046/j.1360-0443.1999.94913114.x Castle, D., Murray, R. M., & D’Souza, D. C. (Eds.). (2012). Marijuana and Madness. Cambridge, NY: Cambridge University Press. Retrieved from https://books.google.com/books?hl=en&lr=&id=0QqyOSJEeykC&oi=fnd&pg=PA1&dq=how+marijuana+works&ots=5a9HBq4OUe&sig=skpoGE-UNKtnhZazuq-VQZa5kfI#v=onepage&q=how%20marijuana%20works&f=false Chen, K., Kandel, D. B., & Davies, M. (1999, May 06). Relationships between frequency and quantity of marijuana use and last year proxy dependence among adolescents and adults in the United States. Retrieved from https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0376871697000471 Desimone, J. (1998). Is Marijuana a Gateway Drug? Eastern Economic Journal, 24, 149-164. Retrieved from https://www.jstor.org/stable/40325834?seq=1#page_scan_tab_contents Drug Enforcement Administration, U. (2018, October). 2018 National Drug Threat Assessment. Retrieved from https://www.dea.gov/sites/default/files/2018-11/DIR-032-18 2018 NDTA final low resolution.pdf ElSohly, M. A., Mehmedic, Z., Foster, S., Gon, C., Chandra, S., & Church, J. C. (2016, April 01). Changes in Cannabis Potency Over the Last 2 Decades (1995-2014): Analysis of Current Data in the United States. Retrieved from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4987131/ Fitzgerald, K. T., Bronstein, A.C. Newquist, K. L. (2013, February). Marijuana poisoning [Abstract]. Top Companion Anim Med, 28,8-12. Retrieved from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23796481 Gable, R. S. (2004, February 12). Comparison of acute lethal toxicity of commonly abused psychoactive substances. Addiction, 99, 686-696. Retrieved from http://www.ourrights.0catch.com/risk/Toxicity.Comparison_Addiction.99-p686_2004.html Hampson, A. J., Grimaldi, M., Axelrod, J., & Wink, D. (1998, July 07). Cannabidiol and (−)Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol are neuroprotective antioxidants. Retrieved from https://www.pnas.org/content/95/14/8268.short Joy, J. E., Watson, S. J., Jr., & Benson, J. A., Jr. (n.d.). Marijuana and Medicine: Assessing the Science Base. Retrieved from https://catnews.org/FREE Pot Books/Marijuana and Medicine 2.pdf Kleiman. (1992). Retrieved from https://www.jstor.org/stable/40325834?seq=1#page_scan_tab_contents Lessem, J. M., Hopfer, C. J., Haberstick, B. C., Timberlake, D., Ehringer, M. A., Smolen, A. Hewitt, J. K. (2006, March 25). Relationship Between Adolescent Marijuana Use and Young Adult Illicit Drug Use. Behavior Genetics, 36, 498-506. Retrieved from https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10519-006-9064-9 Purnell, & JM, G. (1975, July). Delta(9)-tetrahydrocannabinol,, euphoria and intraocular pressure in man. Retrieved from https://europepmc.org/abstract/med/1147519

APES VS. Marijuana

DISCLAIMER: All speakers in this presentation are high school students giving information while acting as real professionals from credible resources

APES vs NC's Opioid Crisis

Regan C. and Jessica B. Sources: Dickman, C. R. (2009). House cats as predators in the Australian environment: impacts and management. Human-Wildlife Conflicts, 3(1), 41-48.  Longcore, T., Rich, C., & Sullivan, L. M. (2009). Critical assessment of claims regarding management of feral cats by trap–neuter–return. Conservation biology, 23(4), 887-894.  Loss, S. R., Will, T., & Marra, P. P. (2013). The impact of free-ranging domestic cats on wildlife of the United States. Nature Communications, 4, 1396.  MacDonald, M. L., Rogers, Q. R., & Morris, J. G. (1984). Nutrition of the domestic cat, a mammalian carnivore.  Okin, G. S. (2017). Environmental impacts of food consumption by dogs and cats. PloS one, 12(8), e0181301.  Swanson, K. S., Carter, R. A., Yount, T. P., Aretz, J., & Buff, P. R. (2013). Nutritional sustainability of pet foods. Advances in Nutrition, 4(2), 141-150. Verbrugghe, Adronie, and Myriam Hesta. “Cats and Carbohydrates: The Carnivore Fantasy?” MDPI, Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute, 15 Nov. 2017,  

APES Vs. Household Pets

DIsclaimer: We are playing the parts of researchers and are high school students  Sources:  Flexitarianism: Decarbonising through flexible vegetarianism. (2013, December 11). Retrieved from https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0960148113006083  Marangi, M., Morelli, V., Pati, S., Camarda, A., Cafiero, M. A., & Giangaspero, A. (n.d.). Acaricide Residues in Laying Hens Naturally Infested by Red Mite Dermanyssus gallinae. Retrieved from https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0031795  Scarborough, P., Appleby, P. N., Mizdrak, A., Briggs, A. D., Travis, R. C., Bradbury, K. E., & Key, T. J. (2014, June 11). Dietary greenhouse gas emissions of meat-eaters, fish-eaters, vegetarians and vegans in the UK. Retrieved from https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10584-014-1169-1  Springmann, M., Wiebe, K., Mason-D'Croz, D., Sulser, T. B., Rayner, M., & Scarborough, P. (n.d.). Health and nutritional aspects of sustainable diet strategies and their association with environmental impacts: A global modelling analysis with country-level detail. Retrieved from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30318102 McLeod-Kilmurray, H. (2012). Commoditizing nonhuman animals and their consumers: Industrial livestock production, animal welfare, and ecological justice. Bulletin of Science, Technology & Society, 32(1), 71-85. 

APES vs. Impacts of veganism on the environment

By Caroline W, Jonathan W, and Sejal DISCLAIMER: These are high school students and are not actually researchers. Blancke, S., Breusegem, F. V., Jaeger, G. D., Braeckman, J., & Montagu, M. V. (2015). Trends of Plant Science. Fatal Attraction: The Intuitive Appeal of GMO Opposition, 1 – 21. Retrieved from https://biblio.ugent.be/publication/5948636/file/5948643  Celec, P., Kukučková, M., Renczésová, V., Natarajan, S., Pálffy, R., Gardlík, R.& Szemes, T. (2005). Biological and biomedical aspects of genetically modified food. Biomedicine & pharmacotherapy, 59(10), 531-540. https://drive.google.com/open?id=1Thk6xtFItt__43n0Cgr8LFOLwaxPXAtu  de Vendômois, J., Cellier, D., Vélot, C., Clair, E., Mesnage, R., & Séralini, G. (2010). Debate on GMOs Health Risks after Statistical Findings in Regulatory Tests. International Journal Of Biological Sciences, 590-598. doi: 10.7150/ijbs.6.590.   Landrigan, P., & Benbrook, C. (2015). GMOs, Herbicides, and Public Health. New England Journal Of Medicine, 373(8), 693-695. doi: 10.1056/nejmp1505660. Retrieved from https://www.saveeastbayhills.org/uploads/4/7/8/8/47884333/nejmroundup.pdf   Morris, E. J. (2011). A semi-quantitative approach to GMO risk-benefit analysis. Transgenic research, 20(5), 1055-1071. Retrieved from http://www.ask-force.org/web/Benefits/Morris-Semi-Quantitative-Approach-Risk-Benefit-2011.pdf   Poulsen, L. K. (2004). Allergy assessment of foods or ingredients derived from biotechnology, gene‐modified organisms, or novel foods. Molecular nutrition & food research, 48(6), 413-423. https://drive.google.com/file/d/0BwbnZrjtPlSBT3JZc2F4Y3NFdmlRZE9NMjZodXM2R0EwNUNz/view?usp=sharing  

APES vs. GMO Myths

APES vs. is a project for Research Triangle High School's AP Environmental Science class. It is a tribute to Gimlet Media's "Science vs" podcast. Students picked a topic related to environmental science and read some scientific papers to find out what experts are saying on the topic. All voices you are hearing are those of high school students, they may be playing the part of experts for dramatic effect, but keep in mind they don't have PhDs just yet.

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APES vs.

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