Ever wondered what French scientists, elephants, and a creature known as the 'Ohio animal' have to do with extinction? What role did French chemists play in discovering the composition of air and water? How were ancient theories concerning combustion replaced with the foundations of modern chemistry? All these questions are answered in the new bonus episode for Patreon supporters of the show! Episode 35, 'Science During the Revolutionary Era' is actually two bonus episodes. Part I focuses on Chemistry, and Part II focuses on Biology and Palaeontology. Both bonus episodes and hours worth of other exclusive content are now available for all Patreon community members. This snipper of Part II examines the work of French naturalist Georges Cuvier and his discovery of extinction.Not a Patreon supporter of the show? Support Grey History here!https://www.patreon.com/greyhistoryPart I: ChemistryThis episode explores the achievements of the famous French Scientist Antoine Lavoisier. It covers the discovery of oxygen, hydrogen, and nitrogen, as well as the role of oxygen in the combustion process. It also examines outdated scientific theories and the discoveries that air and water were not elements.Part II: Life Sciences (Biology and Palaeontology)This episode examines the early debates surrounding extinction and evolution. This includes the controversial theories and intriguing discoveries of several french naturalists, including Cuvier, Geoffroy, and Lamarck.

Grey History: The French Revolution

1.35 Science During the Revolutionary Era (Sneak Peek)

The Duke of Brunswick proclaims a manifesto with disastrous (or negligible) consequences. Paris lurches closer to insurrection, and the sections of Paris demand a republic in all but name. Radical revolutionaries set a deadline for dethronement, but support for a second revolution among certain factions is surprisingly lacking.Episode Extras:1. The Origins of the Brunswick Manifesto2. Factors that Drove Marat's Rise to Power3. The Secret Dealings Between The Girondins And The CourtSupport the Show & Access Bonus Content:https://www.patreon.com/greyhistorySend your questions, praise, and scorn here:https://greyhistory.com/contact/Sign Up for the Newsletter:https://mailchi.mp/0e846e8d26f5/grey-history-newsletterFollow on Social Media:https://www.facebook.com/greyhistorypodcastshttps://www.instagram.com/greyhistorypodcasts/

1.34 The Brunswick Manifesto

Happy Bastille Day Everyone! In celebration of the 232nd anniversary of the Fall of the Bastille, this bonus episode is a recording of my presentation at the Intelligent Speech Conference earlier this year. It covers the key events of the Flight to Varennes, some minor (and key) details which foiled the escape, as well as lessons that can be taken from the event.Please enjoy "The Prisoner of Paris - How Louis XVI (almost) escaped the French Revolution"Support the Show & Access Bonus Content:https://www.patreon.com/greyhistorySign Up for the Newsletter:https://mailchi.mp/0e846e8d26f5/grey-history-newsletterSend your Q&A Questions here:https://greyhistory.com/contact/

Bastille Day Bonus Episode (The Prisoner of Paris)

In the aftermath of 20 June, the nation's factions immediately resume their bitter disputes. As foreign armies prepare to invade France, the Legislative Assembly is compelled to declare the nation to be in danger. The arrival of the fédérés changes the power dynamics in Paris, empowering agitators who are calling for a second revolution. The King's dethronement, the Assembly's replacement, and the enactment of universal suffrage become the rallying cry of the city's radicals.Support the Show & Access Bonus Content:https://www.patreon.com/greyhistorySign Up for the Newsletter:https://mailchi.mp/0e846e8d26f5/grey-history-newsletter

1.33 What About Second Revolution?

A new ministerial crisis erupts thanks to the bold actions of the Interior Minister Jean-Marie Roland. The people of Paris conduct a large demonstration on the 20th of June 1792. Lafayette attempts to stem the revolution’s growing radicalism, and new leaders emerge from the city's sections and clubs.Support the podcast & access exclusive bonus content:https://www.patreon.com/greyhistoryFollow the show:https://www.facebook.com/greyhistorypodcasts/https://www.instagram.com/greyhistorypodcasts/https://twitter.com/GreyHistoryPod

1.32 Uninvited Guests

Intelligent Speech 2021 will take place online on April 24th, from 10 am to 6 pm Eastern time. The theme of this year‘s conference is, "Escape." There will be approximately 40 speakers for the duration of the conference and at any one point, viewers will have the option of four individual conference streams to watch and participate in.Speakers:https://www.intelligentspeechconference.com/the-podcasters/Schedule:https://www.intelligentspeechconference.com/1690-2/Tickets (Coupon Code: grey):https://www.intelligentspeechconference.com/product/intelligent-speech-spring-2021/My Session:The Prisoner of Paris - How Louis XVI (almost) escaped the French RevolutionIn mid-1791, the King of France escaped his palace prison. Despite making it out of the capital, a series of unfortunate events denied Louis XVI his freedom. This is the story of how European history could have looked dramatically different if it weren't for consistently terrible luck.Enjoying Grey History? Support The Show!https://www.patreon.com/greyhistory

Intelligent Speech - Saturday April 24 2021

As the nation faced a multitude of threats, a particular cohort of Parisians emerged as a powerful revolutionary force. This episode explores the famous Sans-culottes of the French Revolution.Support the podcast & access exclusive bonus content:https://www.patreon.com/greyhistoryIntelligent Speech Conference:https://www.intelligentspeechconference.com/Coupon Code: “grey”Follow the show:https://www.facebook.com/greyhistorypodcasts/https://www.instagram.com/greyhistorypodcasts/https://twitter.com/GreyHistoryPod

1.31 Rise of the Sans-culottes

Despite claims of an easy war, setbacks cripple the French armies. Seeking to reverse the deteriorating situation, the Brissotins adopt radical remedies.Support the podcast & access exclusive bonus content:https://www.patreon.com/greyhistoryFollow the show:https://www.facebook.com/greyhistorypodcasts/https://www.instagram.com/greyhistorypodcasts/https://twitter.com/GreyHistoryPodShow Notes:http://greyhistory.com/episode-guides/episode-30-setbacks-and-remedies/

1.30 Setbacks and Remedies

An interview with Historian Christopher Tozzi on the experience of foreign soldiers in the French Revolutionary Army. Focusing initially on the experience of foreign troops during the Old Regime, this episode also covers the hostile treatment of non-citizen soldiers during the revolutionary era. In addition to discussing Swiss, German and Irish soldiers, the interview also explores the experiences of American, Black and Jewish soldiers in the french revolutionary wars.Support the show and gain access to a range of bonus content:https://www.patreon.com/greyhistoryFor more information on Dr Tozzi’s work:Books- Nationalizing France's Army: Foreign, Black and Jewish Troops in the French Military, 1715-1831 (University of Virginia Press, 2016). Manuscript awarded 2014 Walker Cowen Memorial Prize.- For Fun and Profit: A History of the Free and Open-Source Software Revolution (MIT Press, 2017).- “Revolutionary until the Peace”: War and Political Culture in France, 1789-1815. In progress. Articles- “Soldiers without a Country: Foreign Veterans in the Transition from Empire to Restoration,” The Journal of Military History 80, no. 1 (2016): 93-120.- “Les troupes étrangères, l'idéologie révolutionnaire et l'état sous l'Assemblée constituante,” Histoire, économie & société 33, no. 3 (2014): 52-65. Commissioned article for a special edition of the journal on “Les premières années de la Révolution française,” ed. Rafe Blaufarb and Michel Figeac.- “Jews, Soldiering and Citizenship in Revolutionary and Napoleonic France,” The Journal of Modern History 85, no. 2 (2014): 233-257.- “Between Two Republics: American Military Volunteers in Revolutionary France,” Proceedings of the Western Society for French History 39 (2013): 166-176.

1.29 Foreigners in the French Army

Civil war erupts within the Jacobin Club as Brissot and Robespierre denounce each other's solutions to the nation's woes. Diplomatic and ministerial crises finally trigger conflict between France and Austria in April 1792. Support the show:https://www.patreon.com/greyhistoryFollow the show:https://www.facebook.com/greyhistorypodcasts/

1.26 The Brissotins and the Montagnards

European monarchs threatened war and Jacobin deputies embraced the challenge. A strange alliance is forged between the Brissotins and the Court as the nation prepares for conflict, while the offical justifications for war hid more sinister motivations.Maps of the Holy Roman Empire:http://greyhistory.com/maps-of-the-holy-roman-empire/Support the show:https://www.patreon.com/greyhistoryFollow on Facebook:https://www.facebook.com/greyhistorypodcasts

1.25 The Road to War

New assembly, new problems. As the Legislative Assembly gathers in Paris in October 1791, a new generation of revolutionaries are forced to confront a multitude of threats. The solutions embraced by the deputies were both dramatic controversial.

1.24 The Legislative Assembly

With the democrats on the run, the newly established Feuillant Club had an opportunity to revise the constitution and cement its power. King Louis XVI accepts the Constitution of 1791, but historians and contemporaries alike criticise the document for possessing countless flaws. Patreon:https://www.patreon.com/greyhistoryFacebook:https://www.facebook.com/greyhistorypodcasts/

1.23 The Constitution of 1791

King fled. Captured Instead. Trouble Ahead. With the nation shocked by the King's attempted escape, public debate erupted over the future of both the monarch and the monarchy. Unfortunately for the revolutionary left, these divisive debates resulted in bloodshed and repression. Who should be blamed for the Champ de Mars Massacre, and how successful was the Tricolour Terror it unleashed?

1.22 The Tricolour Terror

When will season one end? What will be the topic of season two? How can you access Grey History's new bonus content, including Episode Extras, Stand Alone Episodes and Mini-Series? This is the update that answers it all (sort of).Support the show on Patreon for as little as $1 an episode, and gain access to exclusive bonus content:https://www.patreon.com/greyhistoryFollow the show on Facebook:https://www.facebook.com/greyhistorypodcasts/

Show Update April 2020

History isn't black and white, yet too often it's presented as such. Grey History is a podcast dedicated to retelling the great historical events of our species, but in a way that highlights contradiction, dissent and contrasting conclusions. Why? Because it's in the grey that history has its beauty, its intrigue, and most importantly its lessons. Current SeasonThe French Revolution: Tyrants and Terrorists

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Grey History: The French Revolution

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