"Thus the state, which in its historical reality is a fabric of law, is reduced to a business concern by an ‘economic interpretation of history’ which destroys the concreteness of legal fact and replaces it by the abstractions of utilitarian ethics; and we get socialism or the substitution of economics for justice, with its natural corollary, the destruction of that internal ‘king’s peace’ which the political spirit has guarded through centuries as the very flame of its domestic altar, and the declaration of a class war which is the explicit negation of the state." Read Along: https://www.nationalreformation.org/post/duty-or-concrete-ethics Written by Robin Collingwood Narrated by Joshua Noyer Pp 227-231 Collingwood, R. G. Speculum Mentis. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1924.  

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Duty or Concrete Ethics

It is again not in the interests of a community to sanction contracts for labour which is carried on under conditions which imperil the life and safety of those engaged in the labour, for that is subordinating the person to the contract instead of the contract to the person. Read Along: https://www.nationalreformation.org/post/the-moral-and-legal-aspects-of-labor Written by James Black Baillie Narrated by Joshua Noyer Baillie, J. B. “The Moral and Legal Aspects of Labour.” The Philosophical Review 20, no. 3 (1911): 249. https://doi.org/10.2307/2177849

The Moral and Legal Aspects of Labor

It is by some such logic that I declare, without hesitation, for the sovereignty of the State, the spiritual State. For upon what is sovereignty based if not upon authority? And how, amidst the clash of the social forces, can authority survive, unless it be the final court of appeal in the sphere of reason? Written by Samuel Hobson Narrated by Joshua Noyer Read Along: https://www.nationalreformation.org/post/national-guilds-and-the-state Hobson, S. (1920). What I Believe. In National Guilds and the State (pp. 348-359). London: G. Bell and Sons.

National Guilds and the State

"In the liberty (originality) of poetic thought, the race disappears, and along with many other conditions it is transformed into truth. Everyone claims to have given convictions because they are just or true or well founded, not because, for instance, an ancestor of his was a Teuton or a Latin. The past is the wealth and more than the wealth of thought, but it would be useless to look to the past for the principle of universality." Read Along: https://www.nationalreformation.org/post/the-dearth-of-racial-thought Written by Leone Vivante Narrated by Joshua Noyer “Pp 34-37.” Notes on the Originality of Thought: the Concept of Internal Necessity: Poetic Thought and Constructive Thought, by Leone Vivante, S.n.}, 1927.

The Dearth of Racial Thought

With the acknowledgement that as human beings we have both material and spiritual needs.  An economy is needed which would be tailored to fulfill those needs. Occupational Organicity; the idea that society is constructed along the lines of the human body, containing a plethora of individuals with different talents, skills, and occupations, all having separate tasks but working together for a common purpose and goal within the same State structure. This will address the material aspects of our existence through its shared decision making structure and management of competition; with the aim of avoiding the cutthroat nature of modern business along with the desire to maximize profits through the reduction of wages and benefits.  While Capitalism commodifies the individual through reducing the worker to nothing more than a part within the production process. Occupational Organicity recognizes the skills possessed by each individual as being an inherently valuable part of society; guaranteeing through reliable employment the ability to improve upon that skill while securely supporting a family. Through the Guilds the individual becomes conscious of the link that exists the State, Nation, and Individual. Participants: Joshua Noyer, Brandon Lenig, Eliot Girardi, Ian, John Maniglia, and John Savage. 

Journey Into the Heart of the Decalogue: Principal # 9, Occupational Organicity

We can imagine humanity without a number of important attributes; but humanity without government is simply unthinkable, for it would then be humanity without reason. Read Along: https://www.nationalreformation.org/post/the-family-state Written by Heinrich Von Treitschke Narrated by Joshua Noyer More about the State: https://www.nationalreformation.org/chronicles/categories/the-state Treitschke, Heinrich von. “The State Idea.” In Politics, 4–5. New York, NY: Harcourt, Brace & World, 1963.  

The Family State

"Yet Realism, if indeed strictly sane, as sanity goes amongst us men, is a view as falsely abstract as it is convenient. This sundering of external and internal meaning is precisely what our later study will show to be impossible." Written by Josiah Royce Narrated by Joshua Noyer Read Along: https://www.nationalreformation.org/post/the-doom-of-realism Royce, Josiah. In The World and the Individual. Gifford Lectures, 72–77. New York: Macmillan, 1900. 

The Doom of Realism

In short, we get back to the conditions which foredoomed democracy to failure in the ancient Greek and medieval republics, where party lines were horizontal and class warred against class, each in consequence necessarily substituting devotion to the interest of a class for devotion to the interest of the state and to the elementary ideas of morality. Written by Theodore Roosevelt Narrated by Joshua Noyer Read Along: https://www.nationalreformation.org/post/fellow-feeling-as-a-political-factor Published in the “CENTURY,” January, 1900

Fellow-Feeling as a Political Factor

"Faith and logic become synonymous through their mutual dependence on each other, just as do the existence of love, anger, passion, and contentment. The ties that bind may at first glance appear to be the cause of division, but in the end, they are what make us." Written and Narrated by Joshua Noyer Read Along: https://www.nationalreformation.org/post/maintaining-perspective More from Noyer: https://www.nationalreformation.org/post/maintaining-perspective  

Maintaining Persepective

"We make a great mistake in thinking of the force exercised by the State as limited to the restraint of disorderly persons by the police and the punishment of intentional lawbreakers. The State is the fly-wheel of our life." Written by Bernard Bosanquet Narrated by Joshua Noyer Read Along: https://www.nationalreformation.org/post/the-state-as-the-will-of-the-nation Pp 150-154 Bosanquet, B. (1899). The philosophical theory of the state. London: Macmillan.

The State as the Will of the Nation

We recognize that while the problems which afflict American society are universal in nature; where and how they manifest are unique, requiring solutions which reflect both universality and the particular circumstances from whence they arise.  The philosophical rationale which informs and is the antecedent to National Reformationism derives from three primary but not exclusive sources. Philosophical Idealism, which recognizes the spiritual nature of reality and rejects the materialism and determinism which is at the root of so many of the contemporary world’s problems.  Early 20th, late 19th century American Populism which foresaw the dangers to American society of an unregulated economy, and was critical of the guiding philosophy of the time period which glorified the individual at the expense of the collective group.  Classical fascism as the third pillar of the triad takes the philosophy and the criticism of the other two and gives them shape and form through the structure of the State. National Reformationism is the State in action. Citizens through their reverence for truth are bound together as the State as the social organism, and the state guarantees the citizen. Participants: Joshua Noyer, Eliot Girardi, and John Savage Learn more about Populism: https://www.nationalreformation.org/chronicles/categories/populism-1 Learn more about Idealism: https://www.nationalreformation.org/chronicles/categories/idealism-theory Learn more about Fascism: https://www.nationalreformation.org/chronicles/categories/fascism  

Journey Into the Heart of the Decalogue: Principal # 8, Historical Antecedents

Fascist Authoritarianism wholly denies a lawless liberty, which is not liberty at all if it is true that only through the State can liberty itself be achieved; Rather it demands and consecrates that which Fascist writers have sometimes called the liberty of the State (not that of the individual); That is to say, the liberty of the State that realizes and embodies the better part of the hopes and wishes of its citizens. Written by Giovanni Gentile Narrated by Joshua Noyer Read Along: https://www.nationalreformation.org/post/the-philosophy-of-the-modern-state  

The Philosophy of the Modern State

"When we speak of the philosophy of a poet, we have in mind that attitude toward life as a whole which is the expression of his dominant, and more or less persistently dominant, mood. If he be a great poet, he is successful in presenting the things his genius touches upon in the light of the whole." Written by Charles Bakewell Narrated by Joshua Noyer Read Along: https://www.nationalreformation.org/post/the-philosophical-idealism-of-emerson More About Idealism: https://www.nationalreformation.org/chronicles/categories/idealism-theory Bakewell, Charles M. “The Philosophy of Emerson.” The Philosophical Review 12, no. 5 (1903): 525. https://doi.org/10.2307/2176675    

The Philosophical Idealism of Emerson

"The State is the social structure of our philosophy.  It is the highest expression of human socialization. Through the power of organization, it is the creator of peoples and nations.  It is the unchained organism that seeks truth. Society as the State is an organism, each of its aspects as individuals articulating together to create a living whole.  Without the State, the individual cannot survive, but without the individual, the State cannot survive. This unity of opposites is the lifeblood of our social existence.  A government by itself is not the State but only an administrative aspect of the State."   Participants: Joshua Noyer, Eliot Girardi, John Savage, and Brandon Lenig Decalogue: https://www.nationalreformation.org/philosophy Learn More About the State: https://www.nationalreformation.org/chronicles/categories/the-state  

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