oikos, modern: The extremely elevated capacity of people pressured by money to produce more with less effort and to distribute products more precisely would absolutely be useful - it just ought to be organised differently than it is with money and its constraints.

What is Money?

Beyond Money – Part 3

Commoning: The commons movement counters money-mediated provisioning with collective participation in the activities and basic concerns of provisioning such as ownership. The movement’s core conviction is that only the community can decide on its common endeavours.

Beyond Money – Part 2

«Good» Money: Money should be crisis-free, a kind of money that ignores certain disadvantages and limits itself to its benefits. Other approaches use alternative forms of money, underneath the reign of world money, that deviate in tangible ways from its logic.

Beyond Money – Part 1

Market: A coherent market with a common pricing structure only emerges towards the end of the 16th century in Europe. This development gave the market economy its name and coincided with the transformation of money into the universal medium of exchange.

Money and Exchange – Part 3

Purchasing: Buying replaces the all-encompassing social bond with one single obligation: to pay something to someone. Thus buying is both obligatory liquidation and the liquidation of the obligation.

Money and Exchange – Part 2

Gifts: In communities that have no money in the modern sense, the presentation of gifts is crucially important. The gifts are not swaps; rather, along with other customs, they confirm and reaffirm a basic bond people have with one another.

Money and Exchange – Part 1

Thought reflexes: Just as we can buy anything and everything with money, we also view and judge anything and everything in the form it acquires through money: as a value among values - even when we’re not involved with money-related things.

Money as Thought Form – Part 3

Subject / Object: Descartes was the first to formulate the then-new notion of a world split into subject and object. It implies the world is split into the determining, money, as subject and that which it determines, the commodity, as object.

Money as Thought Form – Part 2

The fact that money possesses such great a power is not rooted in the thing itself but in the specific social coherence which it induces and from which it derives its power. It is this social coherence we are going to explore.

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What is Money?

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